Dubautia linearis

Common Names

Kauai Dubautia, Kūpaoa, Na‘ena‘e, Shrubland Dubautia

Summary

Endemic to Hawaii, this shrubland member of the Asteraceae is a much-branched diffuse shrub with slender branches reaching up to 2.5 m tall. Leaves are 3-nerved and linear to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, arranged in whorls of three, or opposite or alternate. Diagnostic features include 2–6-flowered heads clustered cymosely, with flowering times subsp. linearis Jun–Nov and subsp. hillebrandii Aug–Jan. Common names include kupaoa and nae nae.

Grows in dry scrub habitats from 450–2,500 m elevation with about 25–100 cm annual rainfall; thrives in full sun to partial shade with well-draining volcanic soil, pH 6.0–7.0. Drought-tolerant and useful for erosion control. Propagation by seeds (2–4 weeks germination; soak 24 h) or cuttings (4–6 in; rooting 3–4 weeks); lifespan 5–10 years; maintenance includes weekly deep watering, avoiding overwatering, pruning in late winter/early spring, and mulching around roots. Potential problems include powdery mildew, rust, spider mites, scale, mealybugs, and aphids; not toxic to humans and generally safe for dogs or cats, though large quantities may cause mild GI upset. Companion planting with native Hawaiian species can be considered.

Lifecycle

Perennial

Height

1-3 feet

Spread

2-3 feet

Sunlight Requirements

Ideally full sun to partial shade.

Soil Type

Well-draining volcanic soil

Soil Drainage

Well-drained

Soil pH

6.0-7.0

Bloom Time

Summer

Growth Rate

Moderate

Seasons of Interest

Summer

Propagation Methods

Seeds, Cuttings

Attracts Wildlife

Attracts native pollinators and birds