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Metrosideros rugosa

An endemic Hawaiian myrtle-family tree from Oʻahu's Koʻolau Mountains, compact with red flowers and deeply indented leaf veins with partly rolled margins, thriving on wet, windy ridges and cliffs, reaching 10–30 ft tall and 10–15 ft wide, and valued for erosion control, wildlife habitat, and cultural importance in Hawaiian landscapes.

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Common Names

Lehua Papa, Lehua Papa Tree, ‘Ōhi‘a

Summary

Lehua papa is a shrub or small tree endemic to Oʻahu, Hawaii, inhabiting summits of very wet, windswept ridges and cliffs in the Koʻolau mountains; it features a compact form, red flowers, and leaves with deeply indented veins and partly rolled margins, with a dark green glossy upper surface and a densely woolly tan to reddish-brown lower surface, reaching up to about 20 ft tall.

It is a perennial native to Hawaii, growing on or near cliff summits at about 700–800 m; blooms red flowers year-round (Jan–Dec); fruit is a capsule.

Lifecycle

Perennial

Height

10-30 feet

Spread

10-15 feet

Sunlight Requirements

Ideally full sun.

Soil Type

Well-draining soil, preferably volcanic or sandy types, pH 6.0–7.0.

Soil Drainage

Well-draining soil

Soil pH

6.0-7.0, slightly acidic to neutral

Bloom Color

Red

Bloom Time

Spring and Summer

Foliage Color

Dark green

Growth Rate

Moderate

Seasons of Interest

All four seasons

Propagation Methods

Seeds and Cuttings

Attracts Wildlife

Attracts pollinators

Taxonomy

Taxonomic Rank
Species
Author
A.Gray
Publication
U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 561 (1854)

Superior Taxa

Kingdom
Plantae
Subkingdom
Pteridobiotina
Phylum
Angiosperms
Order
Myrtales
Family
Myrtaceae
Genus
Metrosideros

Synonyms

Nani rugosa Nania rugosa

References

Metrosideros rugosa: HEAR bibliography. hear.org.
Metrosideros rugosa. en.wikipedia.org.
What is a Wrinkled Metrosideros? Complete Guide 😜. greg.app.
Lehua papa Facts for Kids. kids.kiddle.co.
Taxonomy browser (Metrosideros rugosa). ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
Metrosideros rugosa A.Gray. powo.science.kew.org.
Metrosideros rugosa. seedsofhawaii.org.
Metrosideros rugosa. fws.gov.
Metrosideros rugosa (Lehua papa) | Native Plants o…. wildflower.org.
World Flora Online. worldfloraonline.org. June 2024.