Rudbeckia fulgida

Common Names

Black-Eyed Susan, Orange Coneflower, Brown-Eyed Susan

Summary

Rudbeckia fulgida, commonly called Black-eyed Susan or Orange Coneflower, is a hardy perennial native to the eastern United States. It forms upright clumps 2–4 feet tall and spreads by underground rhizomes to form large colonies. The daisylike flowers have yellow to orange ray florets with a dark central cone and bloom mid-summer through fall. It prefers full sun and moist, well-drained soil but tolerates drought once established and a range of soils, including clay. The plant attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies, provides seed for birds, and is generally deer- and rabbit-resistant. Widely grown cultivars include Goldsturm.

For cultivation, plant in full sun to partial shade in fertile, well-drained soil; consistent moisture supports longer bloom, while drought tolerance helps in dry climates. It propagates by division or seed and may self-seed in the garden. Deadheading and periodic division keep stands vigorous, with crown division advised every few years. Uses include borders, cottage gardens, prairie plantings, native or naturalized areas, and it makes a long-lasting cut flower.

Lifecycle

Perennial (can be annual or somewhere in between)

Height

24-36 inches

Spread

18-24 inches

Hardiness Zones

Zones 3-9

Sunlight Requirements

Ideally full Sun; ranges from Full Sun to Partial Shade.

Soil Type

Moist, well-drained, fertile soil

Soil Drainage

Well-drained soil

Soil pH

No specific ideal pH; sources indicate Rudbeckia fulgida tolerates acidic, alkaline, or neutral soils.

Bloom Color

Yellow

Bloom Time

Summer to Fall

Foliage Color

Green foliage, ranging from medium green to dark green.

Fall Foliage Color

Green

Leaf Lifecycle

Deciduous

Growth Rate

Fast

Seasons of Interest

Summer, Fall, and Winter

Propagation Methods

Division, Seeds, Cuttings

Attracts Wildlife

Bees, butterflies, other pollinators, and birds